الوحدة الأولي للصف العاشر

Unit 1
Making contact
Example Arabic meaning English meaning word
-They run a restaurant in Bath.
-Waleed's father runs a farm research project. يدير To organize or be in charge of sth run
Your dad runs a farm research project. مشروع بحث Project in sth. Research project
-I'll give you a definite decision in a couple of days. أكيد / جازم Fixed / unlikely to change / certain Definite
-waleed's family will help him settle in Jericho. يستقر Go and live permanently in a new home , an area , a town. Settle in
- waleed's family will help him settle in take him out and show him around يرافق Go out with somebody Take out
-waleed's father take Dr.Tony Scott and show him round. يرشد Guide someone to a place Show round
I'm the one in the foreground in a picture. في المقدمة In a position where you will be noticed most. In the foreground
-we are having a canoe race. قارب صغير(زورق) A small boat – narrow boat canoe
-I'm sending a picture of myself as an attachment ملحق -مرفق Something can be fitted on something else. attachment
-he is playing for the local junior team . مبتدئ For children from the age 7-11. Junior
عند نسيان كتابة أي شي في الرسالة توضع في آخر الرسالة ------------ add(PS) under the letter if you have forgotten to say something. PS
Reading P.7-13

How to write and to say the date:

-write it  5 April, 2003 or 05/04/2003

-Say it  the fifth of April , 2003.
عزيزي الطالب كما تعرف بأن التاريخ متعارف عليه يكتب بطريقتين الأمريكية والبريطانية ولكن سنتعامل مع طريقتنا اليومية والمختصة بالاتي : dd / mm/ yyyy -
-Mm / dd/ yyyy m/ month d/ day y/ year.

2000 write two thousand 2003 two thousand and three etc….
1999 write nineteen ninety nine 1850 eighteen fifty. Etc…

Months of the year / ordinal numbers
توجد في نهاية الكتاب بالتفصيل
Time :
عندما نريد أن نكتب الساعة فلابد أن نتعرف علي الأتي :
ونصف - half إلا to-
وربع - quarter و past-

10.30 It's half past ten. 6.30 It's half past six.
10.15 It's quarter past ten 6.15 It's quarter past six.
10.05 It's five past ten 6.05 It's five past six.
10.23 It's twenty-three past ten .
10.45 It's quarter to eleven 6.45 It's quarter to seven .
10.35 It's twenty-five minutes to eleven
6.35 It's twenty-five minutes to seven.
09.50 It's ten to ten.
عزيزي الطالب يمكن أن تقرأ الوقت أو تكتبه كما يكتب علي سبيل المثال :
10.30  ten thirty 5.05 five oh five.

Present simple tense:

-يتكون المضارع البسيط من مصدر الفعل (التصريف الأول) ويضاف (s) أو (es) إذا كان الفاعل اسم أو ضمير فاعل يدل علي المفرد الغائب.
I , you , They , We , Ali & Soha  -  eat , swim , call , write, go.
He , She , It  -  eats, swims , calls , writes, goes.
-يستخدم المضارع البسيط للتعبير عن الآتي :
1- يعبر عن عادة (habit)
EX: I always do my homework at 7.30.
EX: Liala sometimes plays tennis .
2-يعبر عن حقيقة (Fact).
EX: The sky is blue.
EX : The Earth moves round the sun.
3-يعبر عن حالة أو حقيقة تبقي كما هي لفترة طويلة .
EX: My sister lives in Egypt.
4-يعبر أيضا عن المستقبل الخاص بالجداول أو المواعيد الثابتة .(future timetable)
EX: My flight departs at 8.30 o'clock.
5-مع الأفعال الثابتة (stative verbs) وهي أفعال تعبر عن شعور أو رأي .
EX: We like animals.

Note : verbs that usually take the present simple: *
*أفعال عادة تأخذ المضارع البسيط ولا تأخذ (ing) مع المضارع المستمر
- dislike – like – love – hate – prefer – want –know – forgot –remember –guess –suppose –realize –recognize –hear –see- look –smell – taste - sound – seem –belong to – consist of – contain –weigh – own .

• عند عمل سؤال أو نفي نستخدم الفعل المساعد do – does في بداية السؤال ونستخدم مع
• He / she / it   Does …….?
• We / they / you/ I   Do………?
* I get up at 8.00 every day . Do you get up at 8.00 every day ?
*He often plays football. Does he often play football?
*أما في حالات النفي نضيف فقط (not) :
Do - do not - don't Does  does not - doesn't.
*I don't get up at 8.00 every morning .
* He doesn't play football.
*الكلمات الدالة علي الزمن (key words ):
Always – sometimes – often – usually – rarely –generally –every (week –month- year- morning –evening ).

Present continuous :
-يتكون زمن المضارع المستمر من: The form of the tense : positive Negative Question الإثبات
I am + V + ing. am not… Am I +v+ ing …..…….?
He is + V + ing. isn't … Is he + v +ing…….. ... ?
She is + V + ing. isn't … Is she +v +ing ……. .... ?
It is + V + ing. isn't … Is it +v + ing ……... ... ?

We are + V + ing. aren't … Are we + v +ing……….?
They are + V + ing . aren't … Are they + v +ing………..?
You are + V + ing. aren't … Are you + v +ing……….?

-نستخدم زمن المضارع المستمر للحديث عن شي يحدث الآن أو حول زمن التحدث .
EX: He is dancing now.
EX: We are reading at the moment .
EX: I am washing my car at the present time.
- من الكلمات الدالة علي هذا الزمن (key words):
Now – at the moment – at the present time- today –look ! – listen !.

-في حالات النفي نضع بعد الفعل المساعد (am-is-are) not لتصبح كالتالي :
1- I am working hard today.
I am not working hard today.
2- They are walking on the street at the moment.
They aren't walking on the street at the moment.
-أما عند السؤال فنضع الفعل المساعد بداية الجملة لتصبح سؤال :
1- Am I working hard today ?
2- Are they walking on the street at the moment?

Going to / Will Be
-عند التحدث عن Will/ Going to يعني أننا في زمن المستقبل بمعني (سوف) وبالتالي يمكن التفريق بين will / going to من خلال التالي ) مع العلم بأن يأتي بعدهم التصريف الأول للفعل):
Will + infinitive:
قرار سريع 1-Quick decision
-Someone is calling me I will reply now. (decide ).
للوعد أو التهديد 2-For promising or threat to do sth.
-If you solve the problem I will give you 2 marks. ( promise ).
- If you don't solve the problem I will punish you today.( threat ).
للقول انك متأكد من حدث مستقبلي 3-You are sure about the future event
- I'm sure it will not work up here.
-للعرض ولطلب مساعدة 4- For offering and request
-I will carry your cases for you. (offer )
-I will have black coffee , please. (request ).
التنبؤ يعتمد علي مجرد الإحساس والشعور بالشئ بدون دليل5-Feeling – prediction
-I think the exam will be difficult.

Be going to+ infinitive.
تتحدث عن النوايا (نية الشخص لعمل شي ما )والخطط المستقبلية والشخصية 1-For personal plans and intentions.
-when I graduate from university I am going to be a doctor.
-we are going to work together.
تنبؤ بشئ مع دليل ملموس وواقعي أراه أمامي وليس حلما2-Prediction (evidence /events)
-we are going to miss him a lot.
-The man is going to fall. He is carrying many boxes.
*بمعني أخر بان will يأتي معها بعض الكلمات مثل (promise – offer – request – decide –know –believe –think –sure -….).

Phrasal verbs
الأفعال الاصطلاحية
-هي أفعال اصطلاحية متبوعة بحرف جر أو حال وتًغّير معني بعض الجمل في كثير من الأحيان.
*Phrasal verbs in English followed by preposition or adverb.
-يوجد كلمة (take) مع حروف جر متعددة منها :
تقلع / يخلع ملابسه Take off -1
-Sami takes off his shoes every evening.
-The plane takes off at 7.00 o'clock
يكتب أو يدون 2-Take down
-I'll take down the details.
يرافق 3-Take out
-Waleed's father tooke Dr.Tony Scott out.
يستوعب أو يفهم 4-Take in
I take in everything in the classroom from my teacher.-
يتولي عملا أو يتملّك 5-Take over
-Who's going to take over as assistant when Hisham leaves?
يعتاد علي أو يحب أو يميل إلي 6-Take to
-We take to get up late on Sunday.
-I took to his parents immediately.
يأخذ علي عاتقه 7-Take on
-He has taken on a lot of work.

Saying you want somebody to do something : *
تريد من بعض الأشخاص أن يفعلوا شيئا  (أن يقولوا ما المقصود بسؤال هذا الشخص )
1-May I see your writing , Soha , please ?
--The teacher wants to see Soha's writing .
2- Could you stop talking , everybody ?
- She wants everybody to stop talking .
*Asking somebody to do something : 
أن تسأل بعض لأشخاص أن يعملوا سؤال بمعني الجملة الاتية مبدوءة إما may- can- could –would:
1-You want your teacher to pronounce the word arrangement for you.
- Could you pronounce the word arrangement for me ,Please ?
2-You want your teacher to say the last sentence again .
-Could you say the last sentence again.?